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215 lines
6.8 KiB
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= How to create and use a Live CD
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'''
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[IMPORTANT]
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======
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This page was automatically converted from https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/How_to_create_and_use_a_Live_CD
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It is probably
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* Badly formatted
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* Missing graphics and tables that do not covert well from mediawiki
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* Out-of-date
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* In need of other love
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Please fix it, remove this notice, and then add to `_topic_map.yml`
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Pull requests accepted at https://pagure.io/fedora-docs/fedora-howto
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Once that is live, go to the original wiki page and add an `{{old}}`
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tag, followed by a note like
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....
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{{admon/note|This page has a new home!|
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This wiki page is no longer maintained. Please find the up-to-date
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version at: https://docs.fedoraproject.org/whatever-the-url
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}}
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....
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======
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'''
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This page explains how to make a custom-content Live CD or DVD on
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Fedora-based systems including derived distributions such as RHEL,
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CentOS and others.
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[[getting-started]]
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Getting started
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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To create a live image, the *livecd-creator* tool is used. Super user
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privileges are needed. The tool is more or less self-documenting, use to
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see options.
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The *livecd-creator* tool is part of the `livecd-tools` package. If it
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is not installed on your system, add it with link:dnf[DNF] or
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link:yum[YUM]:
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....
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su -c 'yum install livecd-tools spin-kickstarts' #Versions prior to Fedora 22
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or
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su -c 'dnf install livecd-tools spin-kickstarts' #Fedora 22 and beyond
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....
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If you are interested in localized (i.e. translated into other
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languages) live CD files, install also *l10n-kickstarts*.
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[[configuring-the-image]]
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Configuring the image
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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The configuration of the live image is defined by a file called
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_kickstart_. It can include some basic system configuration items, the
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package manifest and a script to be run at the end of the build process.
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For the Fedora project, the most important live image configurations
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files are:
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* *https://git.fedorahosted.org/cgit/spin-kickstarts.git/tree/fedora-live-base.ks[fedora-live-base.ks]*
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: The base live image system (included in the 'livecd-tools' package).
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* For _Fedora 20 and earlier_:
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*https://git.fedorahosted.org/cgit/spin-kickstarts.git/tree/fedora-livecd-desktop.ks[fedora-livecd-desktop.ks]*
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: Complete desktop with applications and input/output support for all
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supported locales in Fedora (this one is part of the 'spin-kickstarts'
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package) - despite the name, this is the kickstart that generates the
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~1GB-sized images for recent releases.
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* For _Fedora 21 and later_:
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*https://git.fedorahosted.org/cgit/spin-kickstarts.git/tree/fedora-live-workstation.ks[fedora-live-workstation.ks]*
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- this is the Workstation product configuration.
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_kickstart_ files for other spins (e.g. Fedora Electronics Lab) can be
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found in after installing the 'spin-kickstarts' package. These pre-made
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configuration files can be a great place to start, as they already have
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some useful pre and post-installation scripts.
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image:system-config-kickstart.png[system-config-kickstart,title="fig:system-config-kickstart"]
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You can create a customized _kickstart_ file by running . Note that you
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might have to install the package first with in Fedora 22 and beyond or
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in earlier versions of Fedora. This tool is mainly intended for
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generating kickstart files for automated installs, not live images, so
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the output will probably not be usable without editing, but it may help
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you to generate particular kickstart directives. Remember to add the
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line:
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....
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%include /usr/share/spin-kickstarts/fedora-live-base.ks
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....
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at the beginning of your _kickstart_ file to include the base live
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configuration.
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[[making-the-image]]
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Making the image
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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To make the image, simply issue the following command:
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....
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livecd-creator --verbose \
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--config=/path/to/kickstart/file.ks \
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--fslabel=Image-Label \
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--cache =/var/cache/live
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....
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The name given by _--fs-label_ is used:
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* as a file system label on the ext3 and iso9660 file systems (As such,
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it's visible on the desktop as the CD name).
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* in the _isolinux_ boot loader.
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If you have the repositories available locally and don't want to wait
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for the download of packages, just substitute the URLs listed in the
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configuration file to point to your local repositories.
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[[examples]]
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Examples
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~~~~~~~~
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[[spinning-the-fedora-desktop]]
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Spinning the fedora desktop
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^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
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The following command:
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....
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livecd-creator --verbose \
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--config=/usr/share/spin-kickstarts/fedora-live-workstation.ks \
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--fslabel=Fedora-LiveCD \
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--cache=/var/cache/live
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....
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will create a live CD called "Fedora-LiveCD" using the
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*fedora-live-workstation.ks* configuration file.
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[[a-barebones-live-cd]]
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A Barebones Live CD
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^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
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The command
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....
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livecd-creator --verbose \
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--config=/usr/share/doc/livecd-tools-`rpm -q livecd-tools --qf "%{VERSION}"`/livecd-fedora-minimal.ks \
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--cache=/var/cache/live
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....
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will create a live CD that will boot to a login prompt.
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[[testing-your-live-cd-using-kvm-or-qemu]]
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Testing your Live CD using KVM or qemu
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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image:Screenshot_qemu_gtk3.png[QEMU running Fedora
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17,title="QEMU running Fedora 17"]
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As root:
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`qemu-kvm -m 2048 -vga qxl -cdrom filename.iso`
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If you do not have Wikipedia:Kernel-based_Virtual_Machine[ KVM] support,
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you have to use qemu instead
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`qemu-system-x86_64 -m 2048 -vga qxl -cdrom filename.iso`
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Replace *filename.iso* with the name of your created Live CD image and
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*qemu-system-x86_64* with an appropriate qemu binary for the target
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system, e.g *qemu-system-i386*.
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[[using-your-new-live-image]]
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Using your new live image
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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You can http://docs.fedoraproject.org/readme-burning-isos/[burn your
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image directly to a CD or a DVD] if it fits, or you can
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link:How_to_create_and_use_Live_USB[ write it to a USB stick].
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[[live-image-media-verification]]
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Live Image Media Verification
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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The live image can incorporate functionality to verify itself. To do so,
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you need to have *isomd5sum* installed both on the system used for
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creating the image and installed into the image. This is so that the
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*implantisomd5* and *checkisomd5* utilities can be used. These utilities
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take advantage of embedding an md5sum into the application area of the
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iso9660 image. This then gets verified before mounting the real root
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filesystem.
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[[other-resources]]
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Other Resources
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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* A link:Classroom[ Fedora Classroom] class covering
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link:Classroom/Creating_Fedora_Remix[ creating Fedora remixes].
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* If you are distributing your spin you need to be concerned about
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link:JeroenVanMeeuwen/Revisor/FedoraRebrandRemixGuidelines[ trademark
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usage and GPL responsibilities].
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Category:Spins Category:LiveMedia
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'''
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See a typo, something missing or out of date, or anything else which can be
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improved? Edit this document at https://pagure.io/fedora-docs/fedora-howto.
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