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116 lines
4.2 KiB
Text
116 lines
4.2 KiB
Text
= Package management system
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[[package-management-system]]
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Package Management System
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-------------------------
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[[introduction]]
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Introduction
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~~~~~~~~~~~~
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Fedora is a distribution that uses a package management system. This
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system is based on https://rpm.org[rpm] , the RPM Package Manager, with
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several higher level tools built on top of it, most notably
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https://www.freedesktop.org/software/PackageKit/[PackageKit] (default
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gui) and Yum (command line tool). As of Fedora 22, yum has
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been replaced by xref:dnf.adoc[DNF]. The Gnome Package Manager is another
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GUI package manager.
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[[advantages-of-package-management-systems]]
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Advantages of package management systems
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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Package management systems have many advantages:
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* It's easy to query what version of a package is installed or available.
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* It's easy to remove a package entirely, making sure all its files are gone.
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* It's easy to verify the integrity of the packages files, so you can
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see if it's been corrupted or tampered with.
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* It's easy to upgrade a package by installing the new version and
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removing all the old versions files. This will make sure not to leave
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any lingering files from the old package around to confuse or break
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things.
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* It's easy to see what packages require or provide things that other
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packages provide or require, so you can be sure to have the needed items
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for the package to function correctly.
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* It's easy to install or remove groups of packages.
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* In many cases it's possible to downgrade back to a previous version of
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a package, for example when a new version has a bug.
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[[disadvantages-of-package-management-systems]]
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Disadvantages of package management systems
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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* You are restricted to either using the versions of the package that
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are available or having to make your own package if you need a different
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version.
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[[why-mixing-source-installs-and-packages-is-a-bad-idea]]
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Why mixing source installs and packages is a bad idea
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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Package management systems have no way to query or note when you bypass
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them and install something from source. You should avoid mixing source
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installs and packaged installs for (at least) the following reasons:
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* You lose all the advantages above from a package managed system.
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* Installing from source may overwrite, delete, or change existing files
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that are in a package, making that package not function correctly.
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* The source install may override a package install causing undefined
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behavior in the package or source installed item.
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* Installing from source makes it impossible or very difficult for
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anyone to help you debug issues, since versions can't be easily queried
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and integrity checked.
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* Fedora packages may include patches or configuration to work with
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other packages, but upstream source does not, leading to loss of
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functionality.
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* Software installed from source will not upgrade with package managed
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packages, leading to breakage in the source install package on upgrades
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or os updates.
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Strongly consider making your own package if you need a different
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version or a version of some package with changes. See:
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link:How_to_create_an_RPM_package[How to create a RPM package]
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[[preferred-search-order-for-a-software]]
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Preferred search order for a software
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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If some software is missing in your installation then you should try the
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following steps to get the packaged version:
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1. Search in Fedora ( 'yum|dnf search foo' or search for 'foo' in the
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PackageKit gui )
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2. Try one of the available link:Third_party_repositories[ 3rd party]
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repositories
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3. link:How_to_create_an_RPM_package[ Build your own package]
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[[package-management-tools]]
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Package Management tools
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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xref:dnf.adoc[dnf] - Dandified Yum
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https://www.freedesktop.org/software/PackageKit/[PackageKit] -
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PackageKit gui tool ('add/remove software' in your menu)
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https://rpm.org[rpm] - RPM package manager.
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http://ww1.yum-extender.org/[yumex] - Yum Extender.
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Category:Software_Management[Category:Software Management]
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'''
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See a typo, something missing or out of date, or anything else which can be
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improved? Edit this document at https://pagure.io/fedora-docs/quick-docs.
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