mirror of
https://pagure.io/fedora-docs/quick-docs.git
synced 2024-11-24 13:32:42 +00:00
Merge #531 #522 Reviewed partial for restoring bootloader
This commit is contained in:
Peter Boy
commit
b836b51b9b
1 changed files with 156 additions and 109 deletions
|
|
@ -23,37 +23,160 @@ bootable by *GRUB2*.
|
|||
. Open the terminal.
|
||||
|
||||
. Examine the partition layout and identify the `boot` and the `root` partition.
|
||||
|
||||
+
|
||||
----
|
||||
sudo fdisk -l
|
||||
----
|
||||
|
||||
== For Default Installation in LVM.
|
||||
== BTRFS filesystem
|
||||
|
||||
. Create the mount point for the root partition.
|
||||
If your `root` partition is encrypted by LUKS, it must be decrypted:
|
||||
|
||||
. Make sure the crypt module is in use:
|
||||
+
|
||||
----
|
||||
sudo modprobe dm-crypt
|
||||
----
|
||||
|
||||
. Decrypt the `root` partition:
|
||||
+
|
||||
----
|
||||
sudo cryptsetup luksOpen <root_partition> myvolume
|
||||
----
|
||||
+
|
||||
The decrypted device (i.e. `myvolume`) will be accessible under `/dev/mapper/`.
|
||||
|
||||
Mount the `root` partition:
|
||||
|
||||
* For LUKS:
|
||||
+
|
||||
----
|
||||
mount <decrypted_device> /mnt -o subvol=root
|
||||
----
|
||||
* For non-LUKS:
|
||||
+
|
||||
----
|
||||
mount <root_partition> /mnt -o subvol=root
|
||||
----
|
||||
|
||||
Mount the `boot` partition:
|
||||
|
||||
----
|
||||
mount <boot_partition> /mnt/boot
|
||||
----
|
||||
|
||||
Mount system processes and devices into the `root` filesystem:
|
||||
|
||||
----
|
||||
mount -o bind /dev /mnt/dev
|
||||
mount -o bind /proc /mnt/proc
|
||||
mount -o bind /sys /mnt/sys
|
||||
mount -o bind /run /mnt/run
|
||||
----
|
||||
|
||||
On UEFI systems, bind the efivars directory and mount the EFI system partition:
|
||||
|
||||
----
|
||||
mount -o bind /sys/firmware/efi/efivars /mnt/sys/firmware/efi/efivars
|
||||
mount <efi_system_partition> /mnt/boot/efi
|
||||
----
|
||||
|
||||
Change your filesystem to the one mounted under `/mnt/`:
|
||||
|
||||
----
|
||||
chroot /mnt/
|
||||
----
|
||||
|
||||
Re-install GRUB:
|
||||
|
||||
* On UEFI systems, several packages are required:
|
||||
+
|
||||
----
|
||||
dnf reinstall shim-* grub2-efi-* grub2-common
|
||||
|
||||
----
|
||||
* On BIOS systems, specify the disk where GRUB should be installed:
|
||||
+
|
||||
----
|
||||
grub2-install <disk>
|
||||
----
|
||||
|
||||
Re-generate the GRUB configuration file:
|
||||
|
||||
----
|
||||
grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/grub2/grub.cfg
|
||||
----
|
||||
|
||||
Sync and exit the chroot:
|
||||
|
||||
----
|
||||
sync && exit
|
||||
----
|
||||
|
||||
Reboot the system.
|
||||
|
||||
== LVM filesystem
|
||||
|
||||
If your `root` partition is encrypted by LUKS, it must be decrypted:
|
||||
|
||||
. Make sure the crypt module is in use:
|
||||
+
|
||||
----
|
||||
sudo modprobe dm-crypt
|
||||
----
|
||||
|
||||
. Decrypt the `root` partition:
|
||||
+
|
||||
----
|
||||
sudo cryptsetup luksOpen <root_partition> myvolume
|
||||
----
|
||||
|
||||
. Scan the LVM volumes for the volume group corresponding to the `root` partition:
|
||||
+
|
||||
----
|
||||
sudo vgscan
|
||||
----
|
||||
|
||||
. Activate the volume group:
|
||||
+
|
||||
----
|
||||
sudo vgchange -ay <volume_group>
|
||||
----
|
||||
|
||||
. Find the root volume:
|
||||
+
|
||||
----
|
||||
sudo lvs
|
||||
----
|
||||
+
|
||||
The root volume will be accessible under `/dev/`.
|
||||
|
||||
Create a `root` directory under `/mnt`:
|
||||
----
|
||||
mkdir -p /mnt/root
|
||||
----
|
||||
|
||||
If you are using the default Fedora layout, there will be one `/dev/sda1`
|
||||
partition that holds the `/boot` directory and one `/dev/mapper/fedora-root`
|
||||
that holds the root file system.
|
||||
Mount the logical volume of the `root` partition:
|
||||
|
||||
. Mount the root partition on the mount point.
|
||||
* For LUKS, substitute the root volume from above:
|
||||
+
|
||||
----
|
||||
mount /dev/mapper/fedora-root /mnt/root
|
||||
mount <root_volume> /mnt/root
|
||||
----
|
||||
|
||||
. Mount the boot partition in the `boot` directory of the filesystem that you have mounted in the previous step.
|
||||
* For non-LUKS, use `lsblk` to find the `lvm` that corresponds to the `root` partition (the `lvm` should be under `/dev/mapper/`):
|
||||
+
|
||||
----
|
||||
mount /dev/sda1 /mnt/root/boot/
|
||||
mount <lvm> /mnt/root
|
||||
----
|
||||
|
||||
. Mount system processes and devices into the root filesystem in `/mnt/root`.
|
||||
+
|
||||
Mount the `boot` partition:
|
||||
|
||||
----
|
||||
mount <boot_partition> /mnt/root/boot
|
||||
----
|
||||
|
||||
Mount system processes and devices into the `root` filesystem:
|
||||
|
||||
----
|
||||
mount -o bind /dev /mnt/root/dev
|
||||
mount -o bind /proc /mnt/root/proc
|
||||
|
|
@ -61,114 +184,38 @@ mount -o bind /sys /mnt/root/sys
|
|||
mount -o bind /run /mnt/root/run
|
||||
----
|
||||
|
||||
. If you use EFI boot, you may also want to bind the efivars and the EFI system partition:
|
||||
+
|
||||
On UEFI systems, bind the efivars directory and mount the EFI system partition:
|
||||
|
||||
----
|
||||
mount -o bind /sys/firmware/efi/efivars /mnt/root/sys/firmware/efi/efivars
|
||||
mount <efi system partition> /mnt/root/boot/efi
|
||||
mount <efi_system_partition> /mnt/root/boot/efi
|
||||
----
|
||||
|
||||
. Change your filesystem into the one mounted under `/mnt/root`.
|
||||
Change your filesystem to the one mounted under `/mnt/root`:
|
||||
|
||||
----
|
||||
chroot /mnt/root/
|
||||
----
|
||||
|
||||
Re-install GRUB and re-generate the GRUB configuration file:
|
||||
|
||||
* On UEFI systems, several packages are required:
|
||||
+
|
||||
----
|
||||
chroot /mnt/root
|
||||
dnf reinstall shim-* grub2-efi-* grub2-common
|
||||
grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/efi/EFI/fedora/grub.cfg
|
||||
----
|
||||
|
||||
== For Default Installation in BTRFS
|
||||
|
||||
. Create the mount point for the root partition.
|
||||
* On BIOS systems, specify the disk where GRUB should be installed:
|
||||
+
|
||||
----
|
||||
mkdir -p /mnt/
|
||||
grub2-install <disk>
|
||||
grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/grub2/grub.cfg
|
||||
----
|
||||
|
||||
If you are using the default Fedora layout, there will be one `/dev/sda1`
|
||||
partition that holds the `/boot` directory and one `/dev/sda2` that holds the root file system.
|
||||
Sync and exit the chroot:
|
||||
|
||||
----
|
||||
mount /dev/sda2 /mnt
|
||||
mount /dev/sda1 /mnt/root/boot
|
||||
sync && exit
|
||||
----
|
||||
|
||||
. Change your filesystem into the one mounted under `/mnt/root`.
|
||||
+
|
||||
----
|
||||
chroot /mnt/root
|
||||
----
|
||||
|
||||
IMPORTANT: Home Partition is mounted automatically under `/mnt/home`
|
||||
|
||||
== For Default Installation in LUKS.
|
||||
|
||||
. Make sure crypt module in use:
|
||||
+
|
||||
----
|
||||
sudo modprobe dm-crypt
|
||||
----
|
||||
|
||||
. Find out which drive it was with the following command:
|
||||
+
|
||||
----
|
||||
sudo fdisk -l
|
||||
----
|
||||
|
||||
You must mount `/dev/sda3 myvolume`
|
||||
|
||||
. Use `cryptsetup`, device is accessible under `/dev/mapper/myvolume``
|
||||
+
|
||||
----
|
||||
sudo cryptsetup luksOpen /dev/sde3 myvolume
|
||||
----
|
||||
|
||||
. Scan for LVM volumes and choose the right volume group name that you are looking for:
|
||||
+
|
||||
----
|
||||
sudo vgscan
|
||||
----
|
||||
|
||||
. If it is eg. Fedora, activate it
|
||||
+
|
||||
----
|
||||
sudo vgchange -ay system
|
||||
----
|
||||
|
||||
. Find out root volume
|
||||
+
|
||||
----
|
||||
sudo lvs
|
||||
----
|
||||
|
||||
. Mount it with the following command:
|
||||
+
|
||||
----
|
||||
sudo mount /dev/system/root /mnt/
|
||||
----
|
||||
|
||||
. To work in the volume use the following commands
|
||||
+
|
||||
----
|
||||
sudo mount --bind /dev /mnt/dev
|
||||
sudo mount --bind /dev/pts /mnt/dev/pts
|
||||
sudo mount --bind /proc /mnt/proc
|
||||
sudo mount --bind /sys /mnt/sys
|
||||
sudo chroot /mnt
|
||||
----
|
||||
|
||||
IMPORTANT: consider mounting `/boot` also.
|
||||
|
||||
== Continue with the follow Procedure.
|
||||
|
||||
. Regenerate the *GRUB2* configuration file and reinstall the bootloader
|
||||
into the MBR, as described in xref:adding-other-operating-systems-grub2[Adding other operating systems to the *GRUB2* menu].
|
||||
|
||||
. Exit this temporary root filesystem.
|
||||
+
|
||||
----
|
||||
exit
|
||||
----
|
||||
|
||||
. Your bootloader should be now restored. Reboot your computer to boot into your normal system.
|
||||
|
||||
----
|
||||
systemctl reboot
|
||||
----
|
||||
Reboot the system.
|
||||
Loading…
Reference in a new issue